Objective : This study conducted a preliminary study to develop a occupational therapy model focused on improving living functions within the community care system. Methods : From June to July, 2018, the literature on community care was researched, focusing on cases of Japan's Management Tool for Daily Life Performance (MTDLP), Sweden, United Kingdom, Germany and domestic S Elderly Care Centers and I Health Centers. Based on this information, a group of experts developed a occupational therapy model within the community care system. Results : Assessment tools such as occupation-based health promotional table, interest checklist, occupational goals for improving living functions, sheet for evaluation of living functions, survey of daily life time (weekday and weekend), and sheet for transition of living functions were developed to conduct evaluation for occupational therapy. The improving living functions program, analysis of activities based on ICF model, lifestyle redesign program, cognitive exercise therapy, the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT), hospice, and home modification were also organized interventions already in place by occupational therapists. Conclusion : This study showed specific measures and models for the implementation of occupational therapy within community care systems. Occupational therapy is positioned as a specialized area that is essential to the client, and we look forward to the use of this model.

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Objective : This study was conducted to investigate the leisure activities and self-efficacy according to sensory processing feature of university students. Methods : The survey was conducted from March to June, 2018. A total of 235 university students in Jeolla and Gyeongsang area participated. We used Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profiles to investigate sensory processing feature, Leisure Activity Questionnaires to examine leisure activities, and Self-Efficacy Scale for self-efficacy. This study identified the frequency of leisure activities of university students, the frequency of leisure activities and self-efficiency according to the sensory processing feature, and the leisure activities according to the feature of sensory seeking. Results : For the frequency of leisure activities and self-efficacy according to sensory processing feature of university students, only sensory seeking showed significantly difference in the leisure activity frequency, and the self-efficacy was significantly difference according to the feature of all types of sensory processing (p<.05). In addition, this study identified that leisure activities according to the feature of sensory seeking showed a significantly difference in gym, watching TV, shopping, internet search and web surfing (p<.05, p<.01). Conclusion : According to sensory seeking feature of university students, leisure activities and self-efficacy showed a significant difference. In order to encourage leisure activities of university students and to improve their self-efficacy, an interventional approach based on an understanding of sensory processing characteristics will be needed.

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Objective : The purpose of this study was to identify changes in reading ability among children with Borderline Intelligence by applying an electronic media reading training protocol. Methods : A picture book reading training protocol was applied to 10 childrens with borderline intelligence using electronic media to improve reading skills. This protocol was performed for 10 session once a week. After the analysis of the content validity index about the protocol presented in this study, this prococol was applied to the subjects. To analyze the changes of the reading ability for the subjects, KNISE-BAAT type A and B reading test were used. Results : According to the tests taken before and after implementing, the Application of Picture Booking Training Protocol using Electronic Media there was a significant improvement in Reading ability (Understanding words, Completion sentence, Vocabulary selection, Vocabulary arrangement, Understanding short text). However, there was no significant difference in Oral Reading. Conclusion : Application of Picture Booking Training Protocol using Electronic Media may be used as a beneficial measure to improve the reading abilities of children with Borderline Intellectual.

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Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness, interest, and needs of the occupational therapy students for the dementia care center. Methods : We conducted an online questionnaire survey of 492 occupational therapy students nationwide from July 1 to 31, 2018. General characteristics and perceptions, interests and needs were analyzed by descriptive statistics. One way ANOVA and chi-square test were conducted to compare the differences between the items according to grade and age. Results : Lower awareness was found in National Responsibility for Dementia(2.61±1.0), Dementia Care Center(2.84±0.9) and role of an occupational therapist in the Dementia Care Center(2.94±0.9) of the occupational therapy students. Interest to the employment was investigated between middle and high(3.42±0.9). Education was not sufficient(2.98±0.8), and the adequacy of fieldwork was moderate (3.07±0.8). Conclusion : The results of this study can be served as basic data for enhancing competence as a specialist in the dementia care center. Also, it is expected to be a help to raise awareness of the occupational therapy students.

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Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of human rights sensitivity of occupational therapist and to compare the difference of the human rights sensitivity according to their characteristics and to provide basic data for the development of human rights education programs for occupational therapists in the future and to emphasize their role as human rights advocates. Methods : The subjects for this study were occupational therapists who chosen by snowball sampling method. The questionnaire consisted of 5 episodes and 30 questions to measure the level of occupational therapist's human rights sensitivity and 7 questions for identifying general characteristics of subjects. We distributed the questionnaire by on-line. 165 copies were collected and used to final data analysis. Results : The average of occupational therapists' human rights sensitivity was 33.52±14.96. According to the subcategories, the average of perception of situation was 20.44±2.32, perception of result was 19.85±2.32, and the perception of responsibility was 19.14±2.21. Among 5 episodes, The highest score was the right to pursue one’s happiness of the elderly(12.72±1.56), and the lowest score was the right to personal freedom in disabled (11.04±2.23). There were significantly differences of the subjects' age, educational level, organization type, and the level of clinical experiences. Conclusion : Occupational therapists' human rights sensitivity increased with age and the level of clinical experiences. And the human rights sensitivity increased as they were exposed to various human rights related circumstances. The reason of the highest score for situational awareness was that empathy for the client-centered intervention is important. This study confirmed that it is necessary to have human rights education and various educational programs.

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Objective : This study was conducted to investigate the effects of occupation-based group cooking program on executive function for children in community children’s center. Methods : The children who participated in the study were 7 to 9 years old. This study was based on a one-group pre-posttest design, which the group cooking program included making of sandwiches, frog-shaped hamburgers, patbingsu, sausage gimbap, and flowerpot cupcake. This study consisted of five activity sessions, which each session lasted for 120 minutes. Effectiveness of the program was measured by using the STROOP Color and Word Test, Children’s Color Trails Test and Assessment of Motor and Process Skills. Results : The differences between pre and posttest scores on STROOP Color and Word Test and the process skill score of Assessment of Motor and Process Skills were statistically significant. There was no difference significantly between pre and posttest scores in Children’s Color Trails Test-2. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that the group cooking program intervention has effects on cognitive inhibition executive function and performance executive function of children in the community children’s center. This study suggests that occupation-based intervention can be applied to various clients in the community setting.

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Objective : The study was to investigate the neurophysiological approach to the effect of complex exercise on memory, one of brain functions, and the degree of sleep disorder using experimental animals with sleep disorders. Methods : This study carried out a complex exercise that designed in an animal laboratory for 4 days to 16 sleep - disordered model rats. After the exercise, brain function was confirmed with the changes of BDNF in the hippocampus and the change of sleep level was confirmed with the concentration of melatonin in the blood. Results : First, the effect of the complex exercise program on brain function was significantly increased in the experimental group(p<0.01). Second, the effect of complex exercise program on sleep disturbance was significantly increased in the experimental group and control group(p<0.01)(p<0.05). Conclusion : The rate of increase of the elderly in the community is rapidly increasing, and the sleep disorder of the elderly can affect the quality of life of these elderly people. Secondary memory impairment due to sleep disturbances can also be a problem. Although there are many ways to improve sleep disturbance, it has been scientifically proven through experimental animals that sleep and memory can be improved with complex exercise that is not economically, spatially burdensome.

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Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze occupational therapy intervention on the community mobility for stroke patients, and to provide evidence of intervention in the clinical fields. Methods : A systematic review was executed according to the PRISMA checklist. The accessed database was PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), ProQuest Dissertations & thesis (PQDT), RISS, and KoreaMed. We included the articles published from 2005 to September 2018. RoBANS checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the articles. Included articles, totally eight, were categorized according to the type of intervention. Results : The study design of the literature was varied from two-group randomized trial, quasi-experimental study, case-control trial, one group pre-post comparison study, and cross-sectional study. In the evidence level, 6 articles were included in level Ⅱ (75%). The percentage of low risk of bias in each article ranged from 52.5%~87.5%. Four studies (50%) provided intervention based on virtual reality or virtual environment. The three (37.5%) provided intervention based on the protocol, and the other (12.5%) did wheelchair training. All studies reported significant effects of the intervention. Conclusion : This systematic review provided evidences to use proper intervention in the clinical fields. Various type of studies should be conducted to prove the effect of occupational therapy intervention for community mobility.

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The purpose of this paper is to review vestibulo-ocular reflex and vestibular rehabilitation for balace problem in elderly. Falling is a common problem associated with aging. Falling and the resulting consequences constitutes one of the most common and serious problems. Balance deficits are one of the top risk factors for falling. Three systems(visual, vestibular and somatosensory) need to be integrated and used to coordinate and control balance. During normal ambulation and head movement, the vestibulo-ocular reflex(VOR) stabilizes gaze, and helps to keep the image of the retina. There is a direct association between deficits in VOR and falls. Older adults have a decreased ability to enhance and suppress the VOR. Vestibular rehabilitation(VR) is an exercise-based group of approaches that began with the aim of central nervous system compensation. VR restores VOR gain and reduces error using repetitive movements of the head and eyes. Many researches showd balance and gait tests were superior in the VR group. It is considered this article helps to prevent elderly falling with vestibular rehabilitation.

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