Objective : This study is to investigate the correlation of Ego-degense mechanism, stress and activities of daily living of stroke patients. Methods : The study was carried out from March 14, 2014 to May 15, 2015. A survey was conducted at a university hospital and three rehabilitation hospitals located in Daegu and Busan. For statistical analysis, frequency analysis, independent sample t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used in this study. Results : As a result of the mature Ego-defense mechanism grop was more stressful than immature Ego-defense mechanism group(p<.05), mechanism group also showed better performance in activities of daily living activity(p<.05). Conclusion : The higher stress in stroke patients related to the disability to perform activities of daily living. Psychosocial rehabilitation for factors such as stress as well as physical function in stroke patients in the rehabilitation of stroke patients by using the Ego-defense will have a significant impact on an individual's personality or lifestyle.

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Objective : We tried to know the effect on the ability of work performance, cognitive, balance, depression, ability of daily living, the quality of life, and time usage after applying the group cognitive therapy that based on lifestyle redesign to dementia elderly. Methods : We performanced the group cognitive therapy that based on lifestyle redesign to 15 dementia elderly for 12weeks by total 5 steps. We evaluated the ability of work performance(COPM), cognitive(MMSE-DS), balance(BBS), depression(GDS-K), ability of daily living(MBI), the quality of life(GQOL-D), and time usage(OQ) of before and after the programme. Results : There was a significant difference of the ability of work performance, balance, the quality of life, and locomotive area of time usage after applying the group cognitive therapy that based on lifestyle redesign to dementia elderly. Conclusion : The group cognitive therapy that based on lifestyle redesign programme is effective for satisfaction of work performance and improvement of the quality of life and balance ability. The programme is also effective for locomotive area of time usage. We found out the effect of the programme in variety of the life of dementia elderly.

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Objective : The aim of this study is to analyze the telemedicine in Japan and discuss the role of the community-based occupational therapy. Methods : This study was collected and analyzed data on telemedicine status in Japan. It examined the definition and forms of telemedicine and analyzed for the appearance to the background telemedicine in Japan. Thus, we discussed the role of the community-based occupational therapy. Results : Due to increased medical costs, low fertility rate and aging in Japan, it had provided the telemedicine as a more efficient form of health care services. Also, telemedicine emerged due to the lack of doctors, development of medical technology, and regional deviation between rural and urban area. In the case of Korea, similar to Japan, therefore, there is a demand for the telemedicine. Conclusion : With regard to telemedicine, occupational therapy in community-based rehabilitation is expected to be able to treat for patients as health care professionals. Therefore the reform of the educational system is needed for this.

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Objective : The aim of this study is to prove the effects of mental practice in balance ability of elderly population, and to investigate the possibility of application as an effective intervention method for fall prevention. Methods : This study provided mental practice to 3 subjects over 65 years old who have experienced fall, but do not have cognitive dysfunctions and independent in gait without any use of assistive devices from July to October, 2013. Within the individual case study, 4 sessions of initial baseline process (A), 5 sessions of mental practice (B), 4 sessions of re-initial baseline process (A’) were proceeded using ABA design. Independent variable used mental practice for enhancing balance ability and fall efficacy in elderly population, and dependent variable were Berg Balance Scale (BBS) to find out the change in overall balance ability, Fall Efficacy Scale (FES) to see the change in fall efficacy, One-Leg Standing test(OLS), and Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) to determine the changes in both static and dynamic balance. Analysis of the results were provided via mean value and graph. Results : After the application of mental practice method, all of the subjects have shown increase in fall efficacy baseline values, and in addition, overall balance ability and both static and dynamic balances either increased or maintained. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that mental practice has positive effects on fall efficacy improvement and maintenance in elderly, thereby suggesting mental practice for fall prevention in elderly populations.

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Objective : This study was a meta-analysis of previous studies to examine the integration of related factors depression University students of Korea, and to determine the relative importance among the relevant factors based on it. Methods : 2000-2014 papers posted on the National Science and Technology Information Center (NDSL), Nurimedia (DBpia), Academic Research Information Service (RISS), Korea Research Information(KISS), provide the text of the Library of Congress were collected using the service. The Key words a ‘University Student’, ‘Depression’, ‘Depression Factors’ was used. Used the Down & Black level, evidence-based checklist was developed by the research (1998) (checklist) had analyzed the selected document metadata to assess the quality. Results : 47-studies selected research groups are divided into five factors(self-esteem, suicidal ideation, positive thinking, stresses, Internet and smartphone addiction). Using meta-analysis, we analyzed the effect sizes, statistical heterogeneity and publication amenities. As a result, the self-esteem of the five factors were not found heterogeneity. Effect size is a self-esteem and suicidal ideation “large effect size”, positive thinking and stress“medium effect size”, internet and smart phone addiction“small effect size”. Conclusion : Self-esteem and suicidal ideation are among the factors associated with depression in University students of Korea was found that the most relevant. It identified the factors associated with depression in college students, and could utilized as basis for the prevention of depression.

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Objective : This study shown that effects of the group reminiscence program for dementia elderly. Methods : In this study, dementia was divided into two groups who has used K Welfare Center of day care facilities located in Gimhae, the experimental group(14 patients) and control group(15 patients) was carried out by dividing the experiment twice a week, total of 12 times. Using the evaluation tool of Korea type elderly depression scale(Geriatric Depression Scale in Korea; GDS-K), the level of depression in the dementia was compared before and after. Results : Experimental group of GDS-K was pre-score was 20.8 ± 1.4 point, post-score was 13.5 ± 1.7 point so statistically significant decreased(z=-3.30, p<.0.5), Pre-score of controlled group is 20.9 ± 2.3 point post score was 21.0 ± 2.6 point, there was no statistically significant difference(p<.05). As a result of this study, the experimental group decreased depression than control group(p<.05). Conclusion : Through this study, it shown that reminiscence program help depression of dementia decreased. Therefore, reminiscence program that anyone can easily adapt is proposed as a method of reducing depression in dementia.

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Objective : To purpose of the this study was to investigate the effect of depression, cognitive function, and activities of daily living on quality of life for patients with stroke. Methods : This study was conducted at K hospital located in Daegu, inpatients or outpatients in 50 stroke patients. Appropriate selection criteria for the study subjects who study subjects to evaluate the cognitive function, activities of daily living. General characteristic, depression and quality of life were examined through a questionnaire, which was in the final analysis. Results : Factors that affect the quality of life of the correlation as a result of negatively correlated with their depression(r=-.460, p<.01), age(r=-.481, p<.001), cognitive function(r=.458, p<.01), activities of daily living(r=.560, p<.001), education standard(r=.338, p<.05) was found in the positively correlated. Finally, the effect on quality of life for patients with stroke in variables affecting depression(β=-.253, p<.05), age(β=-.272, p<.05), and activities of daily living (β=.279, p<.05) were the order of analysis. Conclusion : Through this study result, depression and activities of daily living that affect their quality of life has been identified as the main variable.

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Objective : This study is aimed to examine the degree of independence in stroke patients residing in a community based on their self-efficacy and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and also correlation between community-residing stroke patients and their guardians by figuring out the life quality of their guardians. Methods : For total two weeks between May 12th and 23rd, 2014, this researcher collected data by using a survey (K-IADL, a scale to measure self-efficacy, WHOQOL-BREF) targeting 138 stroke patients who received over 24 points in MMSE-K among the outpatients of three hospitals located in Busan Metropolitan City and two hospitals located in Geoje-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, and total 125 sheets were finally used for analysis. Results : Among the 125 patients, 70 were males, and 55 were females, and their average age was 58.72 (16 to 82). The subjects’ general self-efficacy (p<0.01) and detailed self-efficacy (p<0.01) indicated significant correlation with their guardian’s life quality, and there was no significant correlation found between their Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and their guardian’s life quality. Conclusion : Their general self-efficacy and detailed self-efficacy indicated correlation with their guardian’s life quality, and among their general characteristics, the factor of their financial situation indicated correlation with their guardian’s life quality. In conclusion, when stroke patients’ self-efficacy is higher, their guardian’s life quality increases, too, and if their financial situation is more favorable, their guardian’s life quality gets higher. However, stroke patients’ Instrumental Activities of Daily Living did not indicate correlation with their guardian’s life quality. When looking at the chronic trend of outpatients, therapeutical plan must be established about the self-efficient recovery for the development of those who are not satisfied.

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Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of self swallowing exercise program with neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES) on swallowing function. Methods : Subjects who were diagnosed in dysphagia were randomly divided into the control group or experimental group. Both group were received NMES during 60 minutes with traditional swallowing therapy during 30 minutes. Additionally the experimental group was received self swallowing exercise during 30 minutes. We invested subject's characteristics through medical chart. We used VDS(Videofluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale) and PAS(Penetration Aspiration Scale) for assessing the swallowing function. Results : There were not significantly different in both group’s pre swallowing function. The control group was significantly improved on pyriform sinus residue, aspiration, and VDS total score(p<.05). The experimental group was significantly improved on vallecular residue, pyriform sinus residue, and VDS total score(p<.05). Both group’s difference of pre and post swallowing function were not significantly different. Conclusion : Self swallowing exercise and traditional swallowing therapy with NMES and traditional swallowing therapy with NMES are positive effect on swallowing function. The self swallowing exercise is not effective factor.

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Objective : The purpose of the study is to find the factors affecting a social phenomena of the elderly and suggest a basic data for efficiency of a senior policy and type of the life in Korea. Methods : We refereed to sources from the Korean Statistical Information, the National Pension Service, and the Ministry of Health and Welfare. We also surveyed and analysed the depression and death anxiety among the elderly in 2014. Results : First, most of them were low educated people and family composing a couple. An annual income were average. Second, medical costs were increasing constantly in proportion to the increase of aging population. Third, they had high depression index resulting from negative thinking of the future and themselves. Fourth, the death anxiety level of them were more than moderate and that was about the death of themselves and the process of the death. Conclusion : It is needed to help physical, mental, and social health and improve the quality of the life in the elderly through social program established a variety of special fields like occupational therapy and family support program belonging to the government.

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